Палімерныя адходы, якія патэнцыяльна ўтрымліваюць браміраваныя антыпірэны: аб’ёмы ўтварэння, тэрытарыяльнае размеркаванне, другасная перапрацоўка ў Беларусі

Палімерныя адходы электроннага і электратэхнічнага абсталявання (ЭЭА), з’яўляючыся каштоўным другасным рэсурсам, патрабуюць асаблівага падыходу да звароту ў сувязі з магчымасцю ўтрымання ў іх браміраваных антыпірэнаў, уключаючы полібромдыфенілавыя эфіры (ПБДЭ). ПБДЭ адносяцца да стойкіх арганічных забруджвальнікаў (САЗ) і, у адпаведнасці з міжнароднымі абавязкамі, прынятымі на Стакгольмскай канвенцыі аб САЗ, неабходна выяўленне забруджаных адходаў і прадухіленне іх паўторнага выкарыстання. Прыведзены вынікі ацэнкі аб’ёмаў утварэння палімерных адходаў ЭЭА на тэрыторыі Беларусі з улікам тыпаў абсталявання, якое выкарыстоўваецца гарадскім і сельскім насельніцтвам. Агульны аб’ём утварэння палімерных адходаў ЭЭА па стане на 2018 г. ацэньваецца ў 9,3 тыс. т, з якіх прыкладна 2,3 тыс. т могуць утрымліваць ПБДЭ. Паказана, што каля 25 % агульнага іх аб’ёму прыпадае на долю г. Мінска, 25 % – на долю буйных гарадоў. На большай частцы тэрыторыі Беларусі (у 67 % адміністрацыйных раёнаў) аб’ёмы ўтварэння адносна невялікія і знаходзяцца ў дыяпазоне ад 10 да 50 т; іх уклад складае 18,3 %. Устаноўлена, што другаснай перапрацоўкай ахоплена ў сярэднім 23 % утвораных адходаў пластыку ЭЭА з дыяпазонам па адміністрацыйных абласцях ад 10 % (у Гродзенскай) да 31 % (у Гомельскай). Неабходна нарматыўнае тэхнічнае забеспячэнне рэгулявання абыходжання з палімернымі адходамі ЭЭА для прадухілення цыркуляцыі небяспечных рэчываў з прычыны іх паўторнага выкарыстання.

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